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Chris Lee and mentor Pat Bittner on cover crop residue

Chris Lee, Pat Bittner and Keith Williams stand together in a field of tall cover crops.
Chris Lee, then Indiana NRCS tech team leader, with Pat Bittner and Keith Williams in Pat’s field near Evansville, May 2021 Photo: USDA NRCS / Brandon O’Connor

Since retiring from USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Chris Lee has been working with Farm Advisors Mentor Pat Bittner.

The graphic says it all.

Graphic: Cover crop residue protects soil and supports life. Two thermometers: the outside air is 85.3°F, and the soil under cover crop residue is 75.6°F. The words are written out below the graphic.
Words in this graphic
  • Cover crop residue: Protects Soil. Supports Life.
  • Even on hot days, cover crop residue keeps soil cooler and creates the right conditions for life below the surface.
  • Regulates soil temperature. Residue shades the soil, keeping it cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.
  • Maintains soil moisture. Residue slows evaporation and helps the soil hold more moisture for plants and soil life.
  • Feeds soil life. A stable environment supports earthworms, microbes, and beneficial organisms that build healthy soil.
  • Protects soil structure. Less temperature stress and more organic matter lead to stronger soil aggregates and better infiltration.
  • Supports higher yields. Healthy soil with active biology and consistent moisture leads to stronger plants and better production.
  • Outside air temp 85.3°F
  • Soil temp under cover crop residue 75.6°F
  • Good residue. Cooler soil. More life. Better yields.

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